EXTC Engineering - Project Reports

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Self balancing robot
(AIKTC, 2015-05) Kotiyal, Bandanawaz; Gothe, Shahid; Fouje, Salman; Antuley, Abdul; Shaikh, Mohd. Junaid
To make a robot which can balance itself on two wheels. There will be only one axle connecting the two wheels and a platform will be mounted on that .There will be a another platform above it . The platform will not remain stable itself.Our job will be to balance the platform using distance sensors and to maintain it horizontal. At first we have decided to just balance the robot on its two wheels .If the platform inclines then microcontroller(in this case it is Arduino) will send signals to motors such that motors would move forward or backward depending on the inclination direction and extent.So if the platform tilts forward then motors will run forward and viceversa to keep the platform horizontal.For this we will need to code the Arduino in order to perform job according to this.
Analysis of performance of VOIP over various scenarios
(AIKTC, 2015-05) Tamboli, Mujib; Ligade, Priyanka (11ET03); Thevar, Shruthi (11ET06); Abdul Qaiyum, Mohammed Ishaq (11ET35); Chougule, Mubeen (12ET67)
Voice over IP (VOIP) uses the Internet Protocol (IP) to transmit voice as packets over an IP network. So VOIP can be achieved on any data network that uses IP, like Internet, Intranets and Local Area Networks (LAN). Here the voice signal is digitized, compressed and converted to IP packets and then transmitted over the IP network. Signaling protocols are used to set up and tear down calls, carry information required to locate users and negotiate capabilities. VoIP is an advanced technology that has a great potential to develop new telecommunication with much lower cost and better QoS. In our project, we shall analyze the performance of VoIP over digital communication on popular application such as Skype and msn. Parameters of interest are the quality of service, the Mean Opinion Score, packet loss ratio and jitter. We also plan to examine the delays and distortion issues that VoIP might have while increasing the traffic load and generate a more realistic topology by adding extra models to the system and evaluate the impact to the overall QoS.
Dual frequency rectangular microstrip antena
(AIKTC, 2015-05) Shaikh, Afzal; Vanu, Faizan; Shaikh, Mohammad; Khan, Aftab
The research in wireless communication has spurred the development of extra ordinary range of antennas, each with its own advantage and limitations. In today’s modern communication industry, antennas are the most important components required to create a communication link. Microstrip antennas are an urgent need for aerospace and mobile applications because of their low profile, light weight, flexibility to efficiently combine the capabilities of multiple antennas and low power handling capacity. Conventional Microstrip patch antennas has some drawbacks of low efficiency, narrow bandwidth of the central frequency, its bandwidth is limited to a few percent which is not enough for most of the wireless communication systems nowadays. The project provides a detailed study of the design of coaxial-fed Rectangular Microstrip Patch Antenna to facilitate dual polarized, dual band operation. The design parameters of the antenna have been calculated using the transmission line model and the cavity model. For the simulation process HFSS (High Frequency Structural Simulator) which is electromagnetic software based on finite element method (FEM) has been used. The effect of antenna dimensions and substrate parameters on the performance of antenna have been discussed. The antenna has been designed with embedded spur lines and integrated reactive loading for dual band operation with better impedance matching. The designed antenna can be operated at two frequency band with centre frequencies 2.44 GHz (Bluetooth) and 5.5 GHz (Wi-Fi). So the dual band and dual frequency operation has successfully incorporated into a single patch.
Robotics surveillance project
(AIKTC, 2015-05) khadase, Rahul; Matiur, Rehman (12ET80); Sayed, Saleem (12ET84); Qureshi, Mehtab Alam (11ET59)
ABSTRACT: Object tracking is a challenging task in spite of all sophisticated methods that have been de-veloped. The major challenge is to keep track of the object of a particular choice. In this work, a new video moving object-tracking method is proposed. The segmentation of the video is done by contextual clustering. Clustering is an important method in data analysis because of its ability to ‘discover’ the inherent features in the data. The fundamental concept in clustering techniques is to group a given set of objects into subsets according to properties associated with each object, so that the members in each individual subset share some similar properly defined features. A multitarget human tracking is attempted.
Comparative study of IP & MPLS technology
(AIKTC, 2015-05) Tamboli, Mujib; Haji, Mohd. Sharukh Haroon; Shaikh, Sameer; Gite, Mohd. Mukhtar; Shaikh, Mohd. Javed
MPLS is in discussion since last decade. It has been introduced to improve the performance and speed of the backbone network. There has been demand for transition from conventional network to the MPLS network in the service providers network. A comparative study and performance behaviour of the service providers network with MPLS network under different traffic conditions with various services is being proposed. An experimentation will be carried out on MPLS network with different traffic conditions to support the performance analysis on service provider routers. There has been significant improvement in the demand for the bandwidth requirement in the near future. This requires the access network and the backbone network to be significantly improved with respect to various services. Specifically a high speed network with a improvement in performance in expected at the backbone network. One of the contenders for the above problem is MPLS protocols. A network with MPLS protocols will take care of all the future demands for large bandwidth access for the subscribers. The analysis of the MPLS protocols has been carried out which has been reported in literature. A performance analysis of MPLS network under different traffic conditions and under different services is required before it is deployed in the field. Wireshark ,VLC, Jperf are some open source tools used for traffic generation and network analysis . This work proposes analysis of network performance parameter such as Latency, Throughput, Packet Loss, Jitter with traditional routing and MPLS. Testing scenario is created in with Service Provider MPLS enabled router and MPLS protocol features are analysed .
Web Server Based Home Automation
(AIKTC, 2015-05) Kotiyal, Bandanawaz; Kheratkar, Mohammed Fahad (12ET99); Rumane, Ammar (12ET66); Rumane, Faisal (12ET98); Siddiqui, Mohd Ajmal (12ET95)
Now A Days home and building automation systems are used more and more. On the other hand, they provide increased comfort especially when employed in a private home .On the other hand, automation systems installed in commercial buildings do not only increase comfort ,but also allow centralized control of Security, Alarm Systems, Door lock, CCTV, Heating, Sensing, Air conditioning and lightning. Hence, they contribute to an overall cost reduction and also to energy saving which is certainly a main issue today. Instead of PC based servers. Arduino based servers are becoming trend of today’s market. Cost reduction is achieved using Arduino along with Ethernet module as Embedded Web Server. Idea is utilized for monitoring and controlling maximum no. of either home appliances or industry devices. Without using a computer, Ethernet module can communicate to the owner of the overall system, who is able to manage appliances from any location outside. This server provides a powerful networking solution and enables web access for automation and monitoring of different systems. For industry automation, instrumentation and household devices control, this is an optimized solution. System home page can be accessed using web browser. Operational status of the appliances can be observed and changed in case of necessity. This report proposes development of low cost system for above purpose. Different sensors installed at working place help in sensing real time environmental conditions like temperature, light, humidity etc.
Automated blood cells segmentation and counting
(AIKTC, 2015-05) Chaya, Ravindra; Siddique, Sufiyan; Haidery, Waqar; Shaikh, Waqas; Sayyed, Mohammed Rizwan
Blood cell segmentation and identification are centered on the pre-processing of the image, segmentation of the Regions of Interest (ROI) and identification or classification of the cells. Recent studies have suggested different method for segmentation and identification of blood cells. Counting of blood cells (rbc or wbc) in blood cell images is very important to detect as well as to follow the process of treatment of many diseases like anaemia, leukaemia, lung nodule etc. However, locating, identifying and counting of blood cells manually are tedious and time consuming that could be simplified by means of automatic analysis, in which segmentation is a crucial step. We present an approach to automatic segmentation and counting of blood cells in microscopic blood cell images using Hough Transform. Morphological is a very powerful tool in image processing, and it is been used to segment and extract the blood cells (rbc or wbc) from the background and other cells. The algorithm used features such as shape of desired blood cells for counting process. The result presented here is based on images with normal blood cells. The process is initiated by image acquisition and image enhancement process. Noise removal from the blood smear image is the first step. This removes the unwanted pixels from the image. Further the edges are preserved and binarization of the image is performed, separating the region of interest from the background. Further the edges are preserved and binarization of the image is performed. Then the task is to differentiate red blood cells from the various other components in the blood by the segmentation process. Morphological operations are applied on the blood image followed by RBC counting using Hough transform which is an efficient image segmentation technique. The primary goal of the proposed system is to detect and count all the RBC including the overlapping ones in the blood smear image.
Gesture based wireless single-armed robot in cartesian 3D space using kinect
(AIKTC, 2015-05) Alvi, Rizwan; Memon, Md. Farhan Md. Fareed (11ET33); Quraishi, Imran Akram (11ET41); Shaikh, Bilal Anees (12ET86)
Human Machine Interaction (HMI) has always played an important role in everybody’s life motivating research in the area of intelligent service robots. Conventional methods such as remote controllers or wearables cannot cater the high demands in some scenarios. To overcome this situation, the challenge is to develop vision-based gesture recognition techniques. This project describes our work of controlling an Arduino based wheeled, one armed robot, used as a prototype, controlled through various gestures of the arms and legs. For gesture recognition, we make use of skeletal tracing ability of Kinect – a product of Microsoft. Bluetooth is used to make the controls wireless. Since it is not line of sight operation, the robot also captures the environment video and transmits it over radio frequency in real-time and displayed on the screen. On the user end, according to the received video, the operator guides the robot and uses the arm to pick and place objects with the help of predetermined gestures.
Advance driver assistance system
(AIKTC, 2015-12) Shaikh, Afzal; Kazi, Emad; Patel, Arsalan; Salunkhe, Abhijeet (11ET45); Khedekar, Mustakim
In the current scenario, the world is plagued by accidents which are primarily due to human errors in judgment and hence thousands of lives are lost. In order to make roads safer, cleaner and smarter, sensor and communication technologies are increasingly considered in research, standardization and development. While today‘s vehicles are already able to sense the surrounding environment, we expect that future cars will communicate with a roadside communication infrastructure and with each other. Connected vehicles create a fundamental building block of Intelligent Transport Systems (ITS) and can provide numerous application services to improve safety and comfort of driving. These accidents can be avoided if only if there was a mechanism to alert the drivers of approaching danger. This can be done by monitoring the distance between nearby cars and alerting the driver whenever the distance becomes too short. Vehicle-to-vehicle communication can prevent crashes. Smarter cars that talk to one another are the next step in auto safety. Wireless, vehicle-to-vehicle communication systems warn you of potential hazards. This is prime aim of our topic. In this topic, we propose the use of Bluetooth & Ultra Sonic Motion Sensor Technology by which we can check the speed of the car whenever it comes dangerously close to any other vehicle up front, thereby saving many lives.
Landslide werning system detection using raspberry PI, arduino and zigbee
(AIKTC, 2016-05) Shaikh, Afzal; Khan, Mohd. Haris (12ET29); Kazi, Mohd. Saad (12ET37)
In this project we are going to study about Landslide warning system, as the occurrence of landslides is a big loss for human life and property. We can’t stop the natural causes but we can be alert before they occur. So for alerting people from landslides we use this technique. In this design we have used three sensors of Angle sensor which gives the readings of slope angle if there is any movement in landslide and we have Liquid level sensor it collects the depth of water at the mountains. Temperature sensor gives the changes in the temperature. These all nodes of sensors are connected to the Raspberry pi for collection of data. As the data is collected then all the readings are given to Zigbee for transmission. As we obtain the information at the receiver side by LCD display at receiver station or by SMS we can alert the people and save lives and property. Thus this project is very important as we use it in our real time purpose for saving lives and property. This design combines of wireless communication technology and Wireless Sensor Network.
Prediction of bus arrival time using GPS/GSM technology
(AIKTC, 2016-05) Pathan, Siraj; Khan, Salman (11ET27); Khan, Mohd. Ahmed (11ET13); Khan, Umair (11ET28); Khan, Mehfooz (11ET24)
In the daily operation of a bus system, the movement of vehicles is affected by uncertain conditions as the day progresses, such as traffic congestion, unexpected delays, and randomness in passenger demand, irregular vehicle dispatching times, and incidents. It often discourages the passengers for excessively waiting long time at bus stops and makes them reluctant to take the public transport, buses. In this project we propose a system by which we can predict bus arrival time using GPS and GSM technology. It is an embedded system using GPS (Global Positioning System), GSM (Global System for Mobile Communication) and Arduino for tracking the bus. The real time co-ordinates obtained from the GPS will continuously monitor a moving vehicle and report the status of the vehicle on request to passengers. The GPS/GSM unit is mounted on the bus sends the data to the central monitoring system using the GSM module. The position i.e. Latitude and Longitude of a vehicle from remote place is sent by the GSM module to the Server and then the server calculates the arrival time of the bus and sends to the LCD Module mounted at bus stop through GSM module.
Integral analysis approach for different types of soil
(AIKTC, 2016-05) Fakih, Awab; Mundasad, Aasiya (12ET04); Patel, Misbah (12ET06); Shaikh, Uzma (12ET10); Yadav, Anjali (12ET12)
Soil testing is an important tool for evaluating or avoiding problems of nutrients balance. Growers can roughly estimate how much fertilizers should be applied to their crop according to general fertilizer recommendations. But a more accurate, cost-effective fertilizer application requires soil testing. Soil test allows you to know the starting point, and this is a very valuable piece of information. Soil Identification is the most important factor for agriculture purpose, soil irrigation, water handling capacity etc. We need to know our soil, if we want to get the BEST from them. This project will help to detect which crop can grow in given sample of soil and develop a device which can measure all the possible properties, nutrients, moisture content of any soil given to it.
RF protection interlock system for lehipa
(AIKTC, 2016-05) Tamboli, Mujib; Dalvi, Abdul (12ET17); Sivanandan, Ashwini (11ET05); Siddiqui, Rehan (12ET60)
Nuclear Power appears to be an inevitable option as future energy source; but disposal of nuclear waste is an important issue of concern in harnessing nuclear energy through “critical reactors”, which needs to be addressed satisfactorily. In India, economic exploitation of nuclear power is considerably dependent on Uranium &Thorium. Accelerator-Driven System (ADS) has the potential to provide an additional route to an efficient use of the available uranium and thorium resources, besides offering a way towards nuclear waste incineration. o The most challenging part of this CW proton accelerator is development of the low-energy injector, typically up to 20 MeV, because the space charge effects are maximal here. Therefore, BARC has initiated a programme for the development of a Low Energy (20 MeV) High Intensity Proton Accelerator (LEHIPA) as front-end injector of the 1 GeV accelerator for the ADS programme. RF Protection Interlock (RFPI) system has been developed for the protection of high power RF components in LEHIPA. The system consists of six VME64X based modules which processes output of different sensors. The system is designed based on a mezzanine card approach with a common base board. All the function specific boards are mounted as mezzanine boards. After detecting any fault, time required for RFPI system to switch off RF power to the cavities is less than 1us. The system consists of the following modules. 1. Multi trip module- processes the pickup RF signals from directional couplers. 2. Photo Multiplier Tube (PMT) module- processes output signals from PMTs 3. Field Emission Probe (FEP) module- processes output of field emission probes 4. Photo diode module- processes optical signal or arc signals from the system 5. Photo transistor module- processes output of photo transistor which is mounted on RF window 6. System control module-which processes RF leakage signals from wave guide joints and also generates RESET and Video Pulse signals to other modules of the system.
Design and analysis of multistage OTA using 180NM technology and its application
(AIKTC, 2016-05) Shaikh, Afzal; Shaik, Abdul (12ET44); Shaikh, Irfan (12ET48); Shaikh, Mohamedbilal (12ET51); Shemna, Neehal (12ET57)
In high performance analog circuit, it is a very challenging task to design a high performance complemtary metal oxide semi-conductor, which is used in either ADC or DAC. As we are dealing with high performance circuit, to meet these requirement both accuracy and fast settling of system is needed, OP-Amp with high DC gain frequency can satisfy both of these requirement. Although a Op-amp with high DC gain satisfy these requirement, but still in many aspects which leads to complementary demands, as the intrinsic gain of many devices are limited. OTA is an Op-amp without an output driver. It is capable of driving small capacitive load. These makes OTA a well suitable for pipeline application.The whole procedure is focused on the development of ultra low power amplifier requiring low silicon area but been able to drive high capacitive load.
Scada based automation system
(AIKTC, 2016-05) Khadase, Rahul; Hussain, Ron (12ET73); Dandoti, Saifuddin (13ET67); Lakha, Avesh (13ET69); Khan, Mohd. Uzair (12ET33)
This project focuses on conversion of manually operated temperature & Load (Bulb) Controller system towards fully automated system by using Microcontroller and peripherals like RTD, ADC &Relay Circuit and monitor whole process on computer screen using SCADA software. Our prime concern is to demonstrate industrial automation of temperature monitoring & controlling and load controlling system using little hardware and more refined software details.
Voice controlled camera enabled robot
(AIKTC, 2016-05) Ansari, Shahebaz; Khan, Azhar (12ET26); Khan, Fuwad (12ET27); Khan, Mohd. Amir (12ET30)
Disaster management is the main objective of this project besides surveillance and security purposes. The aim of the project is to find or search the people who are stuck due to some kind of disaster using a robot mechanism. The project mainly is based on speech processing and wireless communication. In this project, at the user end, the user will be feeding the voice signals or commands as the input via a microphone connected to a laptop or desktop. These voice signals will further be processed by using the software, MATLAB. The robot will be trained using LPC and artificial neural network algorithm. Then, the processed voice signals will be transmitted through air via Zigbee module. The transmitted signals will be received via Zigbee module at the Robot end. The controller at the robot end will decode the signals received and will match the same with the ones stored in the Robot controller and thus the Robot will be controlled via voice signals. There is a camera which is to be fixed at the robot end. This camera will give a real-time video output to the user on the laptop or computer via a small GUI-graphic user interface which is to be built in MATLAB. Thus the people trapped due to some disaster can be searched by use of the camera in the project. This project can also be served for security and surveillance applications.
Fault detection using OTDR
(AIKTC, 2016-05) Pathan, Riyaz; Singh, Ashwini (11ET26); Hegiste, Salil (11ET17); Mukri, Arbaz (11ET37)
With the development of modern communications, in order to meet the needs of Social development and technological progress the optical fibre communications has become the main communication medium for its high reliability and security. Fibre-optic cable is the channel for signal transmission. It is an important Component in the entire fibre-optic network. Once the fibre-optic cable fault happened, the entire communication system would be impacted seriously. When Fault occurs, it is important to find out, locate it accurately, and remove it quickly.In this report we have firstly described what a optical fiber cable is along with it we have explained the different techniques used in multiplexing of Optical fiber network. Then according to the causes and characteristics of fibre-optic cable fault, we use the Optical Time- Domain Reflectometer (OTDR) to test the line, determine the position and feature of the error point. Finally we get the solution to fix the problem.
Fire detection system using image pocessing
(AIKTC, 2016-05) Balsing, Altaf; Sarkawas, Nagma (12ET07); Azad, Kulsum (12ET02); Ansari, Mohd. Salim (12ET13)
Fire detection is the main objective of this project besides surveillance. The aim of the project is to early detection of fire apart from preventive measures to reduce the losses due to hazardous fire. The project mainly is based on image processing and arduino serial communication. In this project, at the user end, the fire images will be feeded in the form of video frames. These images will be further processed by using the software, MATLAB. The proposed system uses RGB and YCbCr color space. The advantage of using YCbCr color space is that it can separate the luminance from the chrominance more effectively than RGB color space. along with this smoke, motion, area detection is also performed using its color characteristics. The proposed system consist of hardware such as arduino, DHT 11 to monitor the Humidity and Temperature. There is a camera for the surveillance. This camera will give a real-time video output to the user on the laptop or computer via a small GUI-graphic user interface which is to be built in MATLAB. Thus the fire will be detected using this model. This project can also be served for security and surveillance applications.
Home automation using arduino WiFi module ESP8266
(AIKTC, 2016-05) Kotiyal, Bandanawaz; Baig, Iliyas (12ET15); Muzamil, Muzamil, Chiktay (12ET16); Dalvi, Salahuddin (12ET18)
This project presents a design and prototype implementation of new home automation system that uses WiFi technology as a network infrastructure connecting its parts. The proposed system consists of two main components; the first part is the server (web server), which presents system core that manages, controls, and monitors users’ home. Users and system administrator can locally (LAN) or remotely (internet) manage and control system code. Second part is hardware interface module, which provides appropriate interface to sensors and actuator of home automation system. Unlike most of available home automation system in the market the proposed system is scalable that one server can manage many hardware interface modules as long as it exists on WiFi network coverage. System supports a wide range of home automation devices like power management components, and security components. The proposed system is better from the scalability and flexibility point of view than the commercially available home automation systems.
Implementation of MIMO-OFDM to reduce bit error rate
(AIKTC, 2016-05) Tamboli, Mujib; Shaikh, Sadaf (12ET08); Siddiqui, Misba (12ET11); Ansari, Zuber (12ET14); Sayyed, Md. Shanawaz (11ET48)
Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO) systems use more than one antenna at both ends of the communication link. Over the past decade, the use of MIMO system has rapidly gained popularity due to its enhanced performance capabilities of improved Reliability, Spatial Diversity Gain and Spatial Multiplexing Gain. Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) is one of the best digital modulation schemes, where signal is divided into number of narrow band signals to obtain spectrum efficiency and minimizing the Inter Symbol Interference (ISI). Thus, combining MIMO and OFDM technologies will improve spectral efficiency, Link reliability, spectral gain and data rate. The main aim of MIMO-OFDM systems is to combine OFDM technology with the techniques of MIMO systems. The growing demand of multimedia services and the growth of Internet related contents lead to increasing interest to high speed communications. OFDM is a type of multichannel modulation that divides a given channel into many parallel sub channels or subcarriers, so that multiple symbols are sent in parallel. The proposed MIMO-OFDM system has distinguished advantages over the conventional SISO , SIMO and MISO systems and this is being implemented in 4G cellular and in various other emerging communication technologies.

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