Electrical Engineering - Project Reports

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Detecting defects in photovoltaic cells and panels and evaluating the impact output performances
(AIKTC, 2025-06) Khan, Mohsin; Shaikh, Mohammad Faiz (21DEE42); Nabeel Ahmad (21DEE23); Shaikh, Hamza (21DEE40); Sayyed, Mohsin (21DEE35)
This project is centered on the detection and analysis of defects in photovoltaic (PV) cells and panels, along with a comprehensive evaluation of how these defects impact the output performance of solar systems. As the global shift towards renewable energy intensifies, the need for efficient and reliable solar energy systems has become increasingly important. Ensuring the optimal performance of photovoltaic installations is critical not only for maximizing energy output but also for improving the economic viability and sustainability of solar energy projects. The project utilizes a combination of advanced detection methods to identify common types of defects in PV cells. Techniques such as thermal imaging, electroluminescence (EL) imaging, and detailed visual inspections are employed to detect issues including microcracks, hotspots, and delamination. Additionally, a practical approach has been implemented by using a 24-volt DC supply in conjunction with a custom-designed photovoltaic cell fault detector circuit. This setup allows for efficient identification and confirmation of faults within the panels under controlled conditions. Following defect identification, a systematic evaluation is carried out to determine the effects of these defects on system performance. Key methodologies include power output testing, IV curve (current-voltage) analysis, and the use of simulation models to predict and quantify efficiency losses caused by specific fault types. This enables a detailed understanding of how different defects reduce the overall effectiveness and lifespan of PV systems. In addition to experimental testing, comparative studies with defect-free panels were also conducted to highlight the extent of performance degradation. Special attention was given to the correlation between defect severity and the rate of energy loss over time. The data collected from these analyses were carefully validated to ensure the accuracy and reliability of the results. The outcomes of this project aim to contribute significantly to the field of solar energy maintenance and optimization. By providing clear insights into the nature and impact of PV defects, as well as recommending best practices for maintenance and repair, the project supports the enhancement of PV system longevity and productivity. Ultimately, this work promotes the broader goal of sustainable energy development by ensuring that solar energy systems operate at their maximum potential, thus aiding in the global transition toward renewable energy solutions.
Value of distribution network of renewable energy sources
(AIKTC, 2025-06) Anavade, Shraddha; Yenbhar, Bhavesh (21DEE06); Matale, Nikhil (21DEE24); Yadv, Soham (21DEE53)
In today's world of technology, electricity is one of the most important things for daily activities. This is because they do not recognize the fact that renewable energy sources emit renewable energy sources at lightning speeds. So, it's time to move the focus from traditional energy sources to non- traditional energy sources to produce electricity. The electricity output produced by non-traditional sources is lower than its counterpart. Reproducible sources have no harmful effects on the environment. The grid solar wind hybrid system is essentially an integration of the solar system and wind turbine. It helps to provide a power source that is uninterrupted. Like bad weather, production can be migrated from one system to another with the help of a microcontroller. Microcontrollers ensure optimal use of resources and increase the efficiency of combined systems compared to individual types of production. Reduce dependency on a single source and increase system reliability. Hybrid systems can be used for both industrial and domestic applications. This project creates electrical performance from non-traditional and traditional sources. Wind energy, which is the entire source of renewable energy, such as solar energy, is used to produce electricity for the industry. Non-renewable energy sources such as piezoelectric generators are also used to produce electricity within the industry. In this project, all arrangements will be made to create electricity on individual models. H. Why it is called a multi-engine product system or hybrid energy system. The present invention refers to sources of natural types and other types of sources to generate power. Such systems can be successfully implemented in any industry from any research perspective.
Dc- dc converter operation and control for microgrid application
(AIKTC, 2025-06) Sawant, Shraddha; Ansari, Almas (22DEE02); Thakur, Kajal Vijay (22DEE24); Shaikh, Mohammed Shaad (22DEE20); Shaikh, Khalid Ismail (21EE03)
This project is to design and fabricate the envelope for an indoor airship, paper includes the brief idea about selection of suitable material, deciding and estimating shape and volume of the envelope for an indoor airship with minimum dimension which can lift the required payload. The methodology adopted here is a systematic collation of various design and approaches and concepts, which were studied during the design. The various shapes have been studied for their different characteristics like surface area, volume, surface area/ volume, lift, length/volume ratio and all the shapes have been compared on above characteristics and a suitable shape have been selected. Also easy methodology is advised for petal profile generation for the ease of fabrication.
Gsm based automatic energy meter reading system with instant billing and theft alert
(AIKTC, 2025-06) Patil, Pritika; Majgaonkar, Aafaque (20DEE01); Mhaskar, Nuaman (22DEE09); Hawa, Asad (21EE02); Tambe, Arshad (21EE11)
The main objective of the project is to develop a GSM based energy meter reading system and load control through SMS. Electricity department sends employees to take meter reading every month, which is an expensive and time-consuming job. The proposed project provides a convenient and efficient method to avoid this problem. The electricity department and the user can get the readings of the energy meter of consumers via SMS. The loads can also be controlled by the user of this system via SMS using this project. A microcontroller input is effectively interfaced to a digital energy meter that takes the reading from the energy meter and displays the same on an LCD. The reading of the energy meter is also sent to the control room by an SMS via SIM loaded GSM modem. This GSM modem can also receive commands from the cell phone to control the owner’s electrical loads. It uses a standard digital energy meter that delivers output pulses to the microcontroller to perform counting for necessary action. On receiving command, it can switch ON/OFF the loads.
Arduino based three phase automatic fault detection alaysis
(AIKTC, 2021-05) Khatik, Tanveer Husain; Khan, Mohammed Saif (18DEE13); Shaikh, Danish (18DEE27); Ansari, Shamoil (18DEE03); Mulla, Musab (18DEE18)
Till last decades, a million miles of cables are threaded in the air across the country. But currently it is laid in the underground, which is larger to an earlier method. Because, underground cables are not affected by any adverse weather condition like pollution, heavy rainfall, snow and storm, etc. But, when any problem occurs in cable. it is very difficult to find the exact locati()n of the fault due to not knowing the exact location of the cable. Day by day, the world is becoming digitized so the project is proposed to find the location of fault in digital way. When the fault occurs, the process of repairing related to that pa1ticular cable is very difficult. The fault of the cable mainly occurs due to many reasons. They are inconsistent, any defect, weakness of the cable, insulation failure and breaking of the conductor. To overcome this problem, here is a project namely underground cable fault distance locator, used to find the location of the fault for underground cable. Before attempting to find undergrouDd cable faults on direct bidden cable, it is essential to know where the cable is situated and what direction it takes. Since it is extremely difficult to find a cable fault without knowing where the cable is. it makes sense to master cable locating and tracking before start the fault locating process .The success of fault tracking and locating of an underground cable is mainly depends on the skill, knowledge and experience of that person. Although tracing of the cable can be an intricate job, it will very likely become even more complex as more underground plant is installed. It is just as important to understand how the equipment works.
Ultra-fast electronic circuit breaker
(AIKTC, 2021-05) Qureshi, Tahoora; Khan, Mohammed Omair Mohiuddin (18DEE12); Ansari, Mohammed Zeeshan (18DEE15); Momin Mohd Huzaifa, Mohammed Dawood (18DEE13); Akarsh, Akhilesh (18DEE01)
The outline of the project is to shut down the power supply when it is overloaded. Conventional circuit breaker is based on thermal bimetal lever trip mechanism, which is very slow and the trip time is dependent upon the percentage of overload. Electronic circuit breaker is based on the voltage drop across a series element typically a low value resistor or a CT (current Transformer). The voltage sensed is compared against the preset voltage proportional to the current by a level comparator to generate an output for the Relay or contactor to trip the load. The unit is extremely fast and overcomes the drawback of the thermal type.
Over voltage/under voltage load protection with GSM alert
(AIKTC, 2021-05) Qureshi, Tahoora; Khan, Asraf Anees (18DEE10); Momin, Hashir Raza Nasir Hussain (18DEE16); Sayyed, Mohd Auf Waqas Ahd. (18DEE24); Shaikh, Adil Mushtaque (18DEE26)
This project aims to build a system that monitors voltage and provides a breakpoint based low and high voltage tripping mechanism that avoids any damage to the load. Various industrial and domestic systems consist of fluctuation in the AC mains supply. There is a chance of damaging electronic devices that are quite sensitive to these fluctuations. So there needs to be a tripping system that avoids any damage to these loads. This system also includes 8051 microcontroller which finds out the voltage level which is displayed on the LCD screen. This microcontroller not only finds out the voltage level but also send SMS via GSM modem which alerts the user whenever the voltage level is crosses the limits. Our system consists of a tripping mechanism that monitors the input voltage and trips according to limits provides. Here we use a quad comparator IC with two more comparators to be used as window comparators to it. Well the system delivers an error as soon as the input voltage falls out of the window range. This trigger then operates a relay that cuts off the load to avoid any damage to it. We here use a lamp to demonstrate as a load. Well the system is also configured with an alarm that goes on as soon as tripping takes place.
Electromagnetic space shuttle launcher
(AIKTC, 2021-05) Patel, Iftekar; Swaraj, Rasmin Jadhav (18DEE05); Umesh, Yadneshwar Joshi (18DEE06); Khan, Ashfaque Hamid Hussain (18DEE09); Pawar, Mayuri Shantaram (18DEE22)
The aim of this project is to present experimental research information on coil-guns and related topics. Thus we hope to foster interest in the fields of physics and engineering. Our long term objective is to design and construct a multi-stage coil-guns capable of firing projectiles at supersonic speed.  Recent advances in energy storage, switching and magnet technology make electromagnetic acceleration a viable alternative to chemical propulsion for certain tasks, and means to perform other tasks not previously feasible.  Many advances in electromagnetic railgun or coilgun and power supply technology have been made in recent years. A coilgun system concept is described here and technology development issues are identified.  This topic involves simultaneous use of both propellant and the magnetic field throughout its journey, along with change in the complete structural and material design of the space shuttle, to suite conditions being discussed.
Overview of maintenance of 485KW traction motor; Case study
(AIKTC, 2021-05) Khan, Yakub; Prawej, Alam (17EE13); Khan, Md Akil (17EE12); Mohammed, Sadique (17EE22); Satopy, Mohd Sadique (17EE35)
Traction motors play one of the most important roles in the rail industry it is essential they are well maintained and kept in good working order to prevent underperformance or unexpected breakdowns. Various companies has many years’ experience in the rail industry, but where we studied at Saini heavy electrical Engg. Pvt. Ltd. offering emergency repairs, fault finding services, rewinds and maintenance on all types of AC and DC traction motors, generators and associated equipment. Here we are talking about various objectives and parameters of traction motors, like constructon of traction motor, stator of traction motor, rotor of traction motor ,dismantling, assembling of traction motor,mechanical equipments of traction motor,electrical equipments of traction motor,various testings before and after of dismentaling ad assembling of traction motor,sizing of mechanical and electrical equipments, etc.
Self stabilizing and overweight detector vehicle
(AIKTC, 2021-05) Patel, Iftekar; Pavanekar, Pankaj Jagannath (17EE29); Sawant, Suyash Sanjay (17EE36); Varma, Priyanshu Kamalkishor (17EE50); Ghanekar, Shubhankar Girish (17EE47)
Basicallyself-stabilizingplatform consistsofplatform whichisbalancedinmotionby servomotorInoppositedirectiontothemovementoftheplatform,motionissensedby accelerometer.Microcontroller89S52processthedigitalsignalobtainedbytheADCandgive instructiontotheservomotortorotatebycertainangledependingonitspreviouspositionto balanceorcontroltheplatform.Theplatform alsoconsistofforcesensorwhichsensethe weight,theinputanalogsignal(weight)iscomparedwiththe10kresistorthroughvoltage dividerthissignalisconvertedintodigitalsignalbytheADCandprocessbythe microcontrolleranddisplayontheLCDdisplayandtheX-axisofaccelerometerisalso displayedontheLCDdisplay.Wehavekeptthemaximum limit200gramsastheweight exceedsthemaximum limitthepiezobuzzergeton.Thetruckuses2DCmotorwhichis drivenbymotordrivethroughBluetooth(BluetoothisconnectedtotheRXpinof microcontroller.
Dual axis solar tracker
(AIKTC, 2021-05) Khatik, Tanveer Husain; Meer Sharique, Zakir Sultan (17EE16); Mohd. Shafique, (17EE24); Khan, Mohd. Faizan (17EE25); Pawaskar, Abdulmateen (17EE30)
The goal of this thesis was to develop a laboratory prototype of a solar tracking system, which is able to enhance the performance of the photovoltaic modules in a solar energy system. The operating principle of the device is to keep the photovoltaic modules constantly aligned with the sunbeams, which maximizes the exposure of solar panel to the Sun’s radiation. As a result, more output power can be produced by the solar panel. The work of the project included hardware design and implementation, together with software programming for the microcontroller unit of the solar tracker. The system utilized an ATmega328P microcontroller to control motion of two servo motors, which rotate solar panel in two axes. The amount of rotation was determined by the microcontroller, based on inputs retrieved from four photo sensors located next to solar panel. At the end of the project, a functional solar tracking system was designed and implemented. It was able to keep the solar panel aligned with the sun, or any light source repetitively. Design of the solar tracker from this project is also a reference and a starting point for the development of more advanced systems in the future.
Forest fire detection system using IOT
(AIKTC, 2021-05) Hule, Shraddha; Shaikh, Afroz Rafique (17EE01); Nalawade, Apurna Ankush (18DEE19); Patil, Darshana Devaba (18DEE20); Shaikh, Ansal Aamir (15EE37)
In recent days, satellite-based surveillance gadget is used to notice wooded area hearth however this works when fireplace is unfold in the massive area. So these methods are no longer efficient. According to a survey, about 80% losses are accumulated in the woodland due to the late detection of fire. To overcome this two, we proposed a new method to predict and the fire at early stages . In our proposed method the hardware kit with temperature , soil moisture and humidity sensor is connected to the Mobile and it is deployed in many places in the forest area. The Mobile is connected with the Internet . The details collected using sensor is upload with the fixed interval time. Then this data is uploaded to the cloud application. If the forest temperature is increased abnormally this will detect send notification to the forest authorities then the fire alarm will rung .It can also predict the fire that will be occur in future by using machine learning . This can be used in all kind of forest and considering the effectiveness of the sensors it be also used in industrial areas.
Automatic street light using buck-boost relay and solar panel
(AIKTC, 2021-05) Hule, Shraddha; Qureshi, Altamash Shabbir (17DEE60); Khan, Faisal Khan Shabbir Khan Pathan (17DEE52); Singh, Pritam Kumar Brajkumar (16DEE85); Ansai, Mohd. Usama Mohd. Haroon (17DEE41)
DidyoueverthinkthathowthestreetlightsautomaticallyturnON inthenightandturnOFFautomaticallyatmorning?Isthereany personwhocomestoON/OFFtheselights?Thereareseveral waystoturnonthestreetlightsbutthefollowingcircuitdescribes an AutomaticStreetLightControllerCircuitthatusesLDRand Relaytoperform thisjobautomatically. The circuit employed here is an uncomplicated light/dark activatedswitchandcontainsarelayatitsoutput,whichsimply turnsON/OFFastreetlightandfurthercanbeextendedtocontrol anyelectricalapplianceinahousehold. Manypeoplehaveaphobiaofdarkness,sotoassistthem insuch situations, we have explained a simple circuit that will automaticallyturnonthestreetlightconsistingofLEDsorbulb coupledwithrelay.Itislitwellenoughtoseetheobjectsnearby. Thiscircuitisveryeasytoworkaroundandalsoitisbattery operated.Thepowerconsumedbythecircuitisverylowbecause oftheveryfewcomponentsusedinthecircuit
Automatic power factor correction
(AIKTC, 2021-05) Khan, Mohsin; Jambhale, Ashutosh Suresh (15EE12); Khan, Saeeudurrehman (13EE41); Sheikh, Altamash Ashfaque (16EE33); Shaikh, Mohd Sufiyan Ali Mohd Jawwad (17EE43)
This project is mainly proposed for reducing the power loss in industries by using power factor compensation through a number of shunt capacitors. Power factor is defined as the ratio of real power to apparent power. So, the increase in reactive power (real power) increases the apparent power, so the power factor also decreases. By having a low power factor , the industry needs more energy to meet its demand, so the efficiency decreases. In this system , we proposed the time lag between zero voltage pulse and zero current pulse delay generated by suitable op-amp circuits in comparator mode and fed into two interrupt pins in the microcontroller. The microcontroller displays the power loss due to inductive load on the LCD. This process is continuously actuated until the power loss would be zero by using relays which are used to bring the shunt capacitors into the load circuit. an 8-bit microcontroller is used in this project which belongs to the 8051 family.
Electrification using concentrated mini solar thermal power generation
(AIKTC, 2021-05) Syed, Kaleem; Wadkar, Aniket Narayan (18DEE30); Patil, Ravindra Shamrao (18DEE21); Khanvilkar, Raj Govind (18DEE14); Utekar, Pallavi Rajendra (18DEE29); Shaikh, Sajjad Ahmed (15DEE26)
The development of solar thermal power generation has been implemented in various places in India. Activities are proposed on research, design and development in the area of solar thermal energy with a view to lead deployment and commercialization of technologies for power generation. We surveyed about India and to know that even today many area are not electrified of some states. And in Maharashtra there are some pockets were still electricity is not been reach effectively. There are 88 remote villages are still not electrified. And in Maharashtra we located a village named as Goradi which is located in district of Nandurbar. So we surveyed Goradi village and we came to know about the Geographical condition, Location, Land, etc of the area. And we came to know that this place is suitable to setup a solar thermal plant. So we collected information about concentrated solar thermal and we and our guide thought that this project can be made for the social awareness. And then we studied about this project's equipment, calculations, future scopes, drawbacks, applications. Then we made Mini Solar Thermal Power Plant with help of a video, reference books and previous surveys . And for the solar thermal energy consumption we replicated the Goradi village to make a model. We have prepared the model of Actual Village in which we have shown towers, poles, transformers and houses. And we want to show how solar thermal energy is suitable to generate and transmit energy to a non electrified village.
IOT based automatic vehicle acciedent detection and rescue system
(AIKTC, 2021-05) Upadhyay, Ankur; Khan, Shahzer Mushtaque (18DEE25); Sayyed, Abbas Arif (18DEE23); Shaikh, Mohammed Adnan Firoz Ahmed (18DEE28); Khan, Arshad Mansoor Ahmad (18DEE08)
It gives me immense pleasure to present this project on “ AUTOMATIC VEHICLE ACCIDENT DETECTION AND RESCUE SYSTEM” carried out at AIKTC, New Panvel in accordance with prescribed syllabus of University of Mumbai for Electrical Engineering. I express my heartfelt gratitude to those who directly and indirectly contributed towards the completion of this project. I would like to thanks Mr. Abdul Razzak Principal, ACEM for allowing me to undertake this guide Prof. Ankur Upadhyay for continuous support. I would like to thanks all the faculty members, non-teaching staffs of Electrical Engineering of our College for their direct and indirect support and suggestion for performing the project.
Three phase fault analysis with auto reset on temporary fault and permanent trip otherwise
(AIKTC, 2021-05) Syed, Kaleem; Shaikh, Mohammad Husen Iqbal (17EE20); Mohammed Ejaz, Riyaz Ahmed (17EE23); Ansari, Rehan Ahmed Mohammad (18DEE02); Kasu, Mohmed Adil Yasin (18DEE07)
This project develops an automatic tripping mechanism for the three phase supply system. The project output resets automatically after a brief interruption in the event temporary fault while it remains in tripped condition in case of permanent fault. The electrical substation which supply the power to the consumers, have failures due to some faults which can be temporary or permanent. These faults lead to substantial damage to the power system equipment. In India it is common, The faults might be LG (Line to Ground), LL (Line to Line), 3L (Three lines)in the supply systems and these faults in three phase supply system can affect the power system. To overcome this problem a system is built, which can sense these faults and automatically disconnects the supply to avoid large scale damage to the control gears in the grid sub-stations. This system is built using three single phase transformers which are wired in star input and star output, and 3 transformers are connected in delta connections, having input 220 volt and output at 12 volt. This concept low voltage testing of fault conditions is followed as it is not advisable to create on mains line. 555 timers are used for handling short duration and long duration fault conditions. A set of switches are used to create the LL, LG and 3L fault in low voltage side, for activating the tripping mechanism. Short duration fault returns the supply to the load immediately called as temporary trip while long duration shall result in permanent trip. The concept in the future can be extended to developing a mechanism to send message to the authorities via SMS by interfacing a GSM modem.
Solar streets light with auto intensity controller
(AIKTC, 2021-05) Farade, Rizwan; Mapari, Zaid (17EE14); Shaikh, Mohammad Aafaque (17EE19); Shah, Shahbaaz (15EE35); Banker, Junaid (17EE06)
The project is designed for LED based street lights with an auto intensity control that uses solar power from photovoltaic cells. A charge controller circuit is used to control the charging of the battery, and an LDR is used to sense the ambient light on day time. We have also at-tempted to measure the solar cell parameters through multiple sensor data acquisition. In this system, different parameters of the solar panel like light intensity, voltage, current and temperature are monitored using a microcontroller of the PIC16F8 family. The intensity of street lights is required to be kept high during the peak hours. The street lights are switched on at the dusk and then switched off at the dawn automatically by using a sensing device LDR LED lights are the future of lighting, because of their low energy consumption and long life they are fast replacing conventional lights world over. White light emitting diode (LED) replaces the HID lamps where intensity control is possible by pulse width modulation. A programmable microcontroller of the 8051 family is engaged to provide different intensities at different times of the night using PWM technique, for energy saving for solar based system, also using a charge controller for protecting the battery from over charging, overload and deep discharge protection. A light sensing device LDR (Light Dependent Resistance) is used whose resistance reduces drastically in day light for sensing purposes. In the measuring circuit the light intensity is monitored using an LDR sensor, the voltage by voltage divider principle, the current by current sensor and the temperature by temperature sensor.
Electromagnetic space shuttle launcher
(AIKTC, 2021-05) Farade, Rizwan; Shaikh, Azim (17DEE71); Chagan, Musab (17DEE42); Shaikh, Afsal (17DEE62); Singh, Rohit (17DEE72)
In this project we are developing the Electromagnetic antinuclear launcher for missile launching and space shuttle launching, this works on principle of magnetizing and demagnetizing of coil. There is a wide length tube and the objectto be fired is placed in tube. Over the tube, coils are wounded. when the supply is given, first coil get energized it try to attract a object and suddenly object get attracted towards it. After attraction the first coil De-energized and suddenly second coil is energized, Then the object get attracted towards that coil.
Automatic inverter
(AIKTC, 2021-05) Upadhyay, Ankur; Baig, Tahir (16EE11); Godme, Adnan (16EE14); Shaikh, Md. Azim (16EE31); Shaikh, Arbaz (16EE34)
With the advancement in technology as well as rapid industrial growth has been a great urge in the mind of innovators to design and develop Various machines which try to reduce human efforts to a great extent. In this project we are proposing a model of an automatic inverter, Which will reduce human time to start a conventional inverter when Power shuts off. Here,in this project we are trying to establish a direct link between power supply (Down) and automatic inverter (Start) which will further Lessen human effort.

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